20 misused words that make smart people look dumb

20 misused words that make smart people look dumb 20 misused words that make smart people look dumb We’re all tempted to use words that we’re not too familiar with.If this were the only problem, I wouldn’t have much to write about. That’s because we’re cautious with words we’re unsure of, and, thus, they don’t create much of an issue for us.It’s the words that we think we’re using correctly that wreak the most havoc.Follow Ladders on Flipboard!Follow Ladders’ magazines on Flipboard covering Happiness, Productivity, Job Satisfaction, Neuroscience, and more!We throw them around in meetings, e-mails and important documents (such as resumes and client reports), and they land, like fingernails across a chalkboard, on everyone who has to hear or read them.We’re all guilty of this from time to time, myself included.When I write, I hire an editor who is an expert in grammar to review my articles before I post them online. It’s bad enough to have a roomful of people witness your blunder and something else entirely to stumble in front of 100,000!Point is, we can all b enefit from opportunities to sharpen the saw and minimize our mistakes.Often, it’s the words we perceive as being more “correct” or sophisticated that don’t really mean what we think they do. There are 20  such words that have a tendency to make even really smart people stumble.Have a look to see which of these commonly confused words throw you off.Accept vs. ExceptThese two words sound similar but have very different meanings. Accept means to receive something willingly: “His mom accepted his explanation” or “She accepted  the gift graciously.”Except signifies exclusion: “I can attend every meeting except the one next week.”To help you remember, note that both except and exclusion begin with ex.Affect vs. EffectTo make these words even more confusing than they already are, both can be used as either a noun or a verb.Let’s start with the verbs. Affect means to influence something or someone; effect  means to accomplish something. “Your job was affected by the organizational restructuring” but “These changes will be effected on Monday.”As a noun, an effect is the result of something: “The sunny weather had a huge effect  on sales.” It’s almost always the right choice because the noun affect refers to an emotional state and is rarely used outside of psychological circles: “The patient’s affect  was flat.”Lie vs. LayWe’re all pretty clear on the lie that means an untruth. It’s the other usage that trips us up. Lie also means to recline: “Why don’t you lie down and rest?” Lay requires an object: “Lay the book on the table.” Lie is something you can do by yourself, but you need an object to lay.It’s more confusing in the past tense. The past tense of lie is- you guessed it- lay: “I lay down for an hour last night.” And the past tense of lay is laid: “I laid the book on the table.”Bring vs. TakeBring and take both describe transporting something or someone from one place to another, but the correct us age depends on the speaker’s point of view. Somebody brings  something to you, but you take it to somewhere else: “Bring me the mail, then take  your shoes to your room.”Just remember, if the movement is toward you, use bring; if the movement is away from you, use take.Ironic vs. CoincidentalA lot of people get this wrong. If you break your leg the day before a ski trip, that’s not ironic- it’s coincidental (and bad luck).Ironic has several meanings, all of which include some type of reversal of what was expected. Verbal irony is when a person says one thing but clearly means another. Situational irony is when a result is the opposite of what was expected.O. Henry was a master of situational irony. In “The Gift of the Magi,” Jim sells his watch to buy combs for his wife’s hair, and she sells her hair to buy a chain for Jim’s watch. Each character sold something precious to buy a gift for the other, but those gifts were intended for what the other person sold. That is true irony.If you break your leg the day before a ski trip, that’s coincidental. If you drive up to the mountains to ski, and there was more snow back at your house, that’s ironic.Imply vs. InferTo imply means to suggest something without saying it outright. To infer means to draw a conclusion from what someone else implies. As a general rule, the speaker/writer implies, and the listener/reader infers.Nauseous vs. NauseatedNauseous has been misused so often that the incorrect usage is accepted in some circles. Still, it’s important to note the difference. Nauseous means causing nausea; nauseated means experiencing nausea.So, if your circle includes ultra-particular grammar sticklers, never say “I’m nauseous” unless you want them to be snickering behind your back.Comprise vs. ComposeThese are two of the most commonly misused words in the English language. Comprise means to include; compose means to make up.It all comes down to parts versus the whole. When you use compr ise, you put the whole first: “A soccer game comprises (includes) two halves.” When you use compose, you put the pieces first: “Fifty states compose (make up) the United States of America.”Farther vs. FurtherFarther refers to physical distance, while further describes the degree or extent of an action or situation. “I can’t run any farther,” but “I have nothing further to say.”If you can substitute “more” or “additional,” use further.Fewer vs. LessUse fewer when you’re referring to separate items that can be counted; use less when referring to a whole: “You have fewer dollars, but less money.”Bringing it all togetherEnglish grammar can be tricky, and, a lot of times, the words that sound right are actually wrong.With words such as those listed above, you just have to memorize the rules so that when you are about to use them, you’ll catch yourself in the act and know for certain that you’ve written or said the right one.Travis Bradberry is the co-a uthor of Emotional Intelligence 2.0 and the co-founder of TalentSmart.This post originally appeared on LinkedIn.You might also enjoy… New neuroscience reveals 4 rituals that will make you happy Strangers know your social class in the first seven words you say, study finds 10 lessons from Benjamin Franklin’s daily schedule that will double your productivity The worst mistakes you can make in an interview, according to 12 CEOs 10 habits of mentally strong people